Značka: Thailand

5,000 miles apart: Thailand and Hungary to jointly explore blockchain tech

The financial technology associations for Thailand and Hungary have signed a bilateral Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to support the introduction of blockchain technology to their respective financial sectors.The MOU, signed by the Thai Fintech Association (TFA) and the Hungarian Blockchain Coalition on Oct. 25, will see the two associations “share experiences, best practices and explore areas potentially beneficial for direct cooperation,” according to a Facebook post by the Embassy of Hungary in Bangkok.TFA president Chonladet Khemarattana said that e-commerce, mobile payments, and digital currencies are growing rapidly in Thailand and that international cooperation is needed to further develop local financial technology, according to an Oct. 29 report from the Bangkok Post.He also claimed 20% of the world’s crypto holders are in Thailand, the country placed eighth on the 2022 Global Crypto Adoption Index released in September by analytics firm Chainalysis and crypto payments company TripleA estimates almost 6.5% of the population owns cryptocurrency, The Hungarian Blockchain Coalition was jointly created by the country’s Ministry of Innovation and Technology and the National Data and Economy Knowledge Centre in March 2022, while the Thai Fintech Association is a non-profit founded in 2016 with the aim of representing the local financial technology industry including cryptocurrency exchanges.The pact comes as Thailand’s central bank, along with some of the country’s commercial banks, were involved in the testing of a cross-border wholesale central bank digital currency (CBDC) transaction platform using distributed ledger technology in September. The Bank of Thailand also announced in August it was looking to start a pilot of a retail CBDC by the end of 2022 at a limited scale in the private sector among roughly 10,000 users. It would test the digital currency using “cash-like activities” such as paying for goods or services.Related: Crypto exchange Bitkub targeted by Thai SEC with wash trading claimsMeanwhile, Thailand’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has enacted some restrictions on crypto this year, with it banning the use of cryptocurrencies for payments in March saying they “could affect the stability of the financial system.”The regulator is also cracking down on crypto lending platforms with the SEC planning to prohibit crypto exchanges from providing or supporting digital asset depository services. Hungary seemingly takes a similar hard stance on cryptocurrencies, in February the governor of the Hungarian National Bank, György Matolcsy, wanted a blanket ban on all crypto trading and mining across the European Union saying it “serviced illegal activities” and was “speculative.”

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BIS releases full report on mBridge wholesale CBDC platform after successful pilot

The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) has released the full details of its mBridge pilot project to use central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) for foreign exchange. Commercial banks in four jurisdictions made cross-border transfers using CBDCs and distributed ledger (blockchain) technology in the project, which was heralded as a success.Twenty commercial banks in Hong Kong, China, the United Arab Emirates and Thailand used the custom-made mBridge Ledger platform and CBDCs issued by their respective central banks to conduct payment and foreign exchange payment-versus-payment transactions on behalf of their corporate clients between August 15 and September 23. Over $12 million was issued on the platform, facilitating over 160 transactions worth more than $22 million in value.The mBridge Ledger platform used single-platform, direct-access infrastructure to make real-time, peer-to-peer transactions with the HotStuff+ consensus mechanism. The Dashing dynamic-threshold consensus protocol is also being tested. The project brought to light a number of policy challenges. According to the authors, the legal categorization of a CBDC is the most pressing issue. They wrote:“The typical question is whether CBDC on the platform would be classed as currency, a representation of funds on account with the central bank, a debt or something else.” The new technology raised even more fundamental issues than that:“Extending access to central bank money directly to foreign participants and conducting transactions on a shared ledger requires further exploration of policy, data privacy and governance considerations.” Practical matters that will be addressed in 2023 and 2024 include integrating liquidity management and FX price discovery. Related: CBDCs can cut cross border remittance costs by half: BIS reportThe BIS Innovation Hub Hong Kong Centre has produced a series of papers in recent days. The BIS center, along with the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) and United Nations Climate Change Global Innovation Hub released the results their Genesis 2.0 project to create tokenized green bonds on Oct. 24. BIS and the HKMA have been studying retail and wholesale CBDCs separately. They published the latest report on their Project Aurum retail CBDC project on Oct. 21.

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Crypto exchange Bitkub targeted by Thai SEC with wash trading claims

Thailand’s largest crypto exchange Bitkub has come under regulatory scrutiny from the country’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) over falsifying and creating artificial trading volume on its platform.Thai SEC ordered legal action against the crypto exchange and two individuals alleging the crypto platform was involved in wash trading, a process where investors buy and sell the same assets at the same time in order to manipulate the market by inflating volumes. The latest enforcement action against the leading Thai crypto exchange would be the second penalty for the crypto exchange within three months. Bitkub Capital Group Holdings Chairman Sakolkorn Sakavee was fined $216,000 and banned from managerial roles in the firm for a year earlier in July this year.According to an official statement by the SEC dated Sept. 27, the regulatory body has filed a lawsuit against the crypto exchange and the two individuals, seeking a civil fine and expenses of around $634,000 and a six-month trading prohibition for the duo.Cointelegraph didn’t get a response from Bitkub at press time.Bitkub is among the top crypto exchanges in Thailand, boasting daily trading volumes of millions. However, the crypto exchange has also been at the receiving end of regulatory actions over the past few months. The exchange’s chief technical officer Samret Wajanasathian was fined 8,530,383 baht ($234,000) towards the end of August, on charges of insider trading.Related: The Bank of Thailand to pilot Retail CBDC by the end of 2022The crypto exchange also faced a major setback last month when Thailand’s oldest bank Siam Commercial Bank scrapped its $500 million funding plans. Thailand was once seen as one of the most crypto-progressive nations in the world, thanks to a regulated crypto market and tax breaks for crypto traders. However, several leading crypto exchanges have faced regulatory and compliance challenges in the country from time to time. Even the likes of Binance and Huobi have struggled with regulatory compliance.

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BIS marks CBDC pilot as 'successful' with $22M transacted

A multi-jurisdictional Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) pilot has been marked “successful” by the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) after a month-long test phase that facilitated $22 million worth of real-value cross-border transactions.The central banks of Hong Kong, Thailand, China and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) took part in the pilot program along with 20 commercial banks from those regions.More than $12 million worth of value was issued onto the test platform, which facilitated 164 foreign exchange transactions and cross-border payments between the participating firms totaling over $22 million worth of value according to a Tuesday LinkedIn post from the BIS.Graphic from the BIS on the CBDC pilot. Source: LinkedInDaniel Eidan an advisor and solution architect at the BIS said the pilot focused on wholesale CBDC cross-border payments and the role the central banks have on the platform, adding “we will likely consider more commercial aspects in the future stages of our work.”The platform, known as “mBridge” short for Multiple CBDC (mCBDC) Bridge is a part of Project Inthanon-LionRock, a distributed ledger technology (DLT) CBDC cross-border payment project launched initially in Sept. 2019 involving the Thai and Hong Kong central banks.With the first pilot of the platform now completed the project has moved into its third and final stage before a minimum version of the product with only the platform’s core functionality is put to market.A fully-functional CBDC cross payments platform will only be ready after revisions are made taking into account the feedback from the minimum version, according to a Sept. 2021 BIS report.Related: Russia aims to use CBDC for international settlements with China: ReportThe BIS added that a detailed progress report on mBridge will be released in October which will discuss technical design, legal, policy and regulatory considerations along with a future roadmap of mBridge.A June report by the BIS revealed around 90% of central banks are investigating the adoption of CBDCs. Currently, 11 CBDCs have launched, 15 are in a pilot stage and 26 are in development according to the CBDC tracker from think tank Atlantic Council.

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White House’s first crypto framework and missed opportunities — Law Decoded, Sept. 12-19

By the end of last week, the federal agencies presented the results of their six-month-long work on the principal directions for digital assets regulation in the United States. The resulting first-ever crypto framework, published on the White House website, may not contain many surprises or exact details, but, as a part of President Joe Biden’s executive order, it will undoubtedly affect the policymaking decisions to come. Perhaps the most important section of the framework is dedicated to central bank digital currencies (CBDCs). It revealed that the administration has already developed policy objectives for a U.S. CBDC system, but further research on the possible technological foundation of that system is needed. Still, the intent seems pretty serious as the Treasury will lead an interagency working group with the participation of the Federal Reserve, the National Economic Council, the National Security Council and the Office of Science and Technology Policy. The industry didn’t take the document well, as the policymakers’ focus on security and enforcement is all too visible. Kristin Smith, executive director of the U.S.-based Blockchain Association, called it “a missed opportunity to cement U.S. crypto leadership,” highlighting its heavy emphasis on risks, not opportunities, and the lack of substantive recommendations on the promotion of the crypto industry. Speaking to Cointelegraph, Sheila Warren of the Crypto Council for Innovation said the policy recommendations seemed to be based on an “outdated and unbalanced understanding” of crypto, which could leave the details to be determined by other lawmakers or the next administration. The Merge and its regulatory repercussionsEthereum’s upgrade to proof-of-stake (PoS) may have placed the cryptocurrency back in the crosshairs of the Securities and Exchange Commission. SEC chairman Gary Gensler reportedly said that cryptocurrencies and intermediaries that allow holders to “stake” their crypto may define it as a security under the Howey test. Gensler went on to say that intermediaries offering staking services to their customers “looks very similar — with some changes of labeling — to lending.” The SEC has previously said they didn’t see Ether (ETH) as a security, with both the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) and the SEC agreeing that it acted more like a commodity.Continue reading18 potential design forms for the American CBDC The Office of Science and Technology Policy submitted a report analyzing the design choices for 18 central bank digital currency systems for possible implementation in the U.S. The technical analysis of the 18 CBDC design choices was made across six broad categories: participants, governance, security, transactions, data and adjustments. Helping policymakers decide on the ideal US CBDC system, the OSTP report highlighted the implications of including third parties in the two design choices under the “participants” category — transport layer and interoperability. For governance, the report weighed various factors related to permissions, access tiering, identity privacy and remediation.Continue readingThailand prepares to ban crypto lending The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) of Thailand is preparing to take radical measures in the aftermath of crypto lending platforms’ crashes experienced in Summer 2022. The Thai SEC plans to prohibit crypto platforms from providing or supporting digital asset depository services. The planned ban includes several principal points. It will prohibit operators from taking a deposit of digital assets with a promise to pay returns to depositors — even if the returns come not from the growing value of the assets but from the promotion budget. The advertising of lending and depositary services would also be banned.Continue reading

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