Autor Cointelegraph By Zhiyuan Sun

Chainlink Verifiable Random Function v2 goes live on mainnet

On Wednesday, blockchain oracle solution Chainlink (LINK) announced the release of Chainlink Verifiable Random Function, or VRF, v2. As told by its developers, the new, improved version of the random number generator can reduce transaction fees by 60% compared to v1. Randomness is a core component of making nonfungible tokens, or NFTs, and gaming applications fair and secure. On their own, blockchains and smart contracts cannot guarantee randomness, but rather require an oracle network to deliver such solutions on-chain.Since its launch, Chainlink VRF (v1) has become the most widely adopted random number generator solution in the blockchain industry, fulfilling more than 3 million request transactions and currently providing verifiable randomness to more than 2,200 unique smart contracts across multiple blockchain networks. Popular projects like Bored Ape Yacht Club, Axie Infinity, Ethercards, and more rely on Chainlink VRF for randomness. “It is only with verifiable, tamper-proof randomness that it becomes possible to securely mint NFTs and their attributes or ensure fair outcomes in blockchain-based games,” said Sergey Nazarov, co-founder of Chainlink.Chainlink VRF generates a random number and cryptographic proof of how that number was determined using a combination of unpredictable block data and an oracle’s private key with every new request. The cryptographic proof is then published and verified on the blockchain to prevent vulnerability and exploitation.In addition to being live on the Ethereum Mainnet, Chainlink Network plans for deployment onto additional blockchains such as Polygon and BNB. Major upgrades in v2 include enhanced subscription management, the ability to adjust gas limits, expanded block confirmations, and being able to request multiple random numbers in a single on-chain transaction.Aleksander Leonard Larsen, chief operating officer of Axie Infinity, commented:”Verifiable randomness solutions like Chainlink VRF v2 are essential for developers introducing entropy into on-chain gaming and NFT experiences, empowering them to create fair and tamper-proof play-to-earn games.”The Chainlink Network comprises independent oracle nodes and data providers such as Deutsche Telekom’s T-Systems, Swisscom, the Associated Press, and others. According to its developers, the network secured more than $75 billion worth of value across hundreds of applications and a dozen different blockchains at the end of 2021.

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CryptoPunks community reacts to the ongoing copyright battle between v1 and v2

During its initial release, 10,000 CryptoPunks were sold and made it to the secondary market before users discovered a critical smart contract exploit that made it possible for Punks’ buyers to withdraw their Ether (ETH) post-purchase. As a result, creator Larva Labs withdrew recognition of the v1 collection, fixed the exploit and released the v2 Punks collection we have now. Though, they’ve also sent mixed messages about the collection by selling off dozens of their own V1 Punks.The battle over the copyright of the CryptoPunks v1 collection is heating up as the images recently gained in market value, with Larva Labs filing a DMCA take-down notice to OpenSea and members of the v1 community striking back with their own. To complicate the matter, Larva Labs purposefully coded the smart contract to be irrevocable, and one collection (v1) could not have been destroyed without also eliminating the other (v2). The topic remains deeply controversial within both communities.With the help of CryptoPunks v1’s community admin, @irishnftgal, Cointelegraph spoke to Brittany Kaiser, co-founder of Own Your Data. In late January 2022, Brittany bought a v1 CryptoPunk on OpenSea, which she believes is a “true piece of NFT history” produced by Larva Labs as one of the first punks avatars:”I was excited to hear that a group of crypto activists and brilliant developers, some of who call themselves “NFT archaeologists,” decided to build an ERC-721 wrapper to make the original v1 CryptoPunks token contract tradable on modern NFT marketplaces.”According to Brittany, she was “shocked and dismayed” to discover that after Larva Labs profited from selling about 40 wrapped CryptoPunks v1 on Opensea for 210 ETH, its creators allegedly turned around. Instead, they took deliberate action to undermine the authenticity and traceability of the very same CryptoPunks 1 collection. “The founders have said publicly for years that these tokens are part of the original,” says Brittany.Brittany thinks the best outcome for Larva Labs would be to “take responsibility and ownership of these blockchain assets” that they put on the market. “Revoking the DCMA would be a good start, and a public apology would be even better,” she says.Efforts from the v1 community to make themselves heard have fallen on deaf ears among many members of the v2 community. In its official Discord, user lookinrare#0911 wrote:”I mean, we can call them a gamble, but at the end, we always knew v1 [Punks] were not legit punks; they were simply artifacts that led to the creation of Punks. So they have a place in history, but I doubt that place is worth 1K ETH, lol.”Another user, OG!#8654, wrote:”I think Larva Labs should aggressively attack with litigation. V1s have been suffering ever since. Their floor price is down to 9 ETH, and hardly anyone is talking about them anymore. I do think the misinformation issue has taken another wrong step now. They changed their name to “CryptoPunks v1” from “Wrapped V1 CryptoPunks.” This is a blatant attempt to mislead people.”Issues regarding the authenticity of the collection aren’t simply about the philosophy of NFTs; they have ample financial consequences. On the one hand, efforts to delegitimize the v1 collection have, in the past, caused their floor prices to fall, leading to devastating losses among v1 owners. But on the other hand, legitimizing the v1 collection would suddenly increase the total supply of CryptoPunks from 10,000 to 20,000. This would decrease their scarcity and potentially cause the price of v2 Punks to decline, albeit to the joy of v1 Punk owners, who will potentially see the price of their NFTs increase due to newfound recognition.@v1punks mentioned in @muratpak collection https://t.co/9sXapFsNVw pic.twitter.com/wcg6zR1xmK— Niamh || irishnftgal (@irishnftgal) February 8, 2022

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OpenSea customer service migrating from Discord to Metalink to more adequately protect its community

On Tuesday, nonfungible token, or NFT, platform OpenSea launched a server on Metalink to give the verified owners of its collections a direct channel for support, feedback and updates. In addition, OpenSea said it would no longer offer customer support over Discord DMs. Metalink is a collaboration app for NFT communities that offers users a place to view their collection’s value and monitor its associated real-time transaction feed. In addition, channels hosted on Metalink are token-gated, meaning that proof of ownership of an NFT or social token is required to access the content.According to OpenSea, the platform is making the switch after fraudsters began impersonating support associates on its Discord page. As one crypto enthusiast, @seanbonner writes: “[It happens like this,] People go to the OpenSea Discord and post their support tickets. Meanwhile, attackers monitor these channels and then contact people [via DMs] posing as OpenSea support, armed with info about their support claim [to conduct scams].”In a letter sent to the Metalink community this morning, Stevey Tromberg, head of community at OpenSea, stated:”Our goal is to create a direct channel for you to interact with OpenSea to get support, offer feedback, receive updates and share any other information that will help us better serve you. We will have dedicated community support staff from OpenSea spending a few hours a day in Metalink. All of whom will be marked as verified OpenSea staff [throughout the Metalink platform].”Tromberg explained that the onboarding process would begin slowly, starting with owners of Cryptopunks, then Bored Apes, then World of Women and more. “Without message requests, the ability to see who owns which NFTs, or seamless verification, it’s difficult to feel safe on other chat platforms,” he concluded.Blockchain projects have been migrating en mass to social platforms, such as Discord, in the past year in an effort to better communicate with their growing communities. However, there has also been an influx of scammers utilizing sophisticated methods to compromise crypto enthusiasts’ funds. In one notable instance, Hong Kong NFT project Monkey Kingdom lost $1.3M after hackers first breached Grape, a popular software for verifying users on Solana (SOL).They used the exploit to take over an administrative account from the Money Kingdom staff, which in turn posted a phishing link in the Monkey Kingdom Discord’s announcement channel. Some users who clicked on the link connected their wallet to a fake website thinking they were purchasing NFTs for an upcoming drop but were drained of their funds.

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Monero community concerned as leading mining pool nears 51% of ecosystem's total hash rate

On Tuesday privacy coin Monero (XMR) mining pool MineXMR’s hash rate surpassed over 1.4 GH/s, accounting for 44% of the hash rate of the XMR network. MineXMR has about 13,000 miners and charges a 1% pool fee. According to a screenshot from Archive.org, last August, the pool only contributed to 34% of the hash rate of the XMR network.The rapid rise in hash rate network has spooked some XMR enthusiasts, with Reddit user u/vscmm writing:”We need to talk with MineXMR to take some action right now! Please send an email for support@minexmr.com to MineXMR admins to take action; a 51% pool is not in the best interest of the community or the pool.”If a 51% attack were to occur, the bad actors involved could potentially overturn network transactions to double-spend participants’ crypto. However, given that Monero obfuscates the identity of the sender and recipient through stealth addresses and ring signatures, hackers’ capabilities in this case would be far more limited. Theoretically, they could only use such attacks to mine empty blocks or double-spend their own XMR by selling it to an exchange then publishing an alternative ledger.Reddit users pointed out that MineXMR publicly discloses the location of its corporate offices, which are located in the U.K. Conducting 51% related denial of service and fraud attacks would likely carry criminal consequences in said country. Even if a mining pool were to accumulate over 51% of a network’s hash rate, this would only compromise a blockchain’s operations if the entity had ulterior motives for doing so.

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Where do crypto donations go? Here are six charities that have benefited, as told by The Giving Block

Charities and donations have been a trending topic in the cryptocurrency realm as of late. And it’s not simply an act of giving. In countries such as the United States, the country’s revenue authority provides generous tax deductions for those who donate their crypto to registered charities. One company, The Giving Block, provides such crypto-fundraising onboarding solutions to more than 1,000 nonprofits.But just how does investors’ money make a difference? In a series of case studies provided to Cointelegraph, The Giving Block illustrated how six such charities benefited as overall donations volume on its platform surged over 1,000% year over year in 2021. As told by Tammy Tibbetts, co-founder and CEO of She’s the First, a charity organization helping gender equality through education:”In the most challenging fiscal year of my career as a nonprofit CEO, I realized I had to take crypto seriously. If I didn’t, the ship was going to sail without us and, with it, take resources that could help girls around the world access education and unlock their dreams. This crypto donation was our second biggest gift this year, completely changing my view on cryptocurrencies. Thanks to a crypto-fundraising campaign, She’s the First delivered more than 1,400 food, water and menstrual kits, a connected over 6,000 girls with mentors around the world. Similarly, CARE, one of the oldest nonprofit organizations fighting global poverty, saw its crypto donations increase from about $7,000 in 2020 to over $330,000 in 2021. One campaign, NFT CARE Package for Afghanistan, raised over $200,000 in a matter of weeks to deliver humanitarian aid to Afghan families.CARE organization banner | Source: The Giving Block Then there’s the orangutan preservation project Orangutan Outreach, which raised more than their entire budget 2020 revenue budget with crypto donations. “We’re going to incorporate crypto into everything we do moving forward, make it bigger so we can do more good work,” said Richard Zimmerman, the organization’s executive director. Organtuan Outreach’s team cares for orphaned and displaced orangutans in specially built sanctuaries with the end goal of releasing them back to the wild.Orangutan Outreach banner | Source: The Giving BlockAnd thanks in part to nonfungible token campaigns, regenerative agriculture nonprofit Trees for the Future managed to plant 2.3 million trees that are estimated to sequester more than 80,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide over 20 years. “We can change the lives of 5,000 farmers and their families by providing training and allowing them to have a job and food security,” said Alexa Castellano, giving associate at Trees for the Future.Next up is no other than the University of Arizona, itself, where the post-secondary institute sees over $20,000 per month in crypto donations volume. The money is used to fund scholarships, student experiences, athletics, research and various academic programs. Finally, Vive Church, a global community of churches with locations across the United States and European Union, managed to raise over $300,000 in crypto towards a down payment to 80,000 square-foot building in Palo Alto that could seat 2,000 people in its auditorium. And there appears to be a lot of “faith” in such donation method too, as Aaron Williams, Vive Church’s finance director, explains:”Crypto is the only asset class that people seem to be super passionate about. I get phone calls and texts about it constantly from donors. I didn’t expect as much passion around it. But I believe that their passion drives generosity.”

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