Autor Cointelegraph By Zhiyuan Sun

Axie Infinity's Ronin bridge hacked for over $600M

According to Axie Infinity’s official Discord and Ronin Network’s official Twitter thread, along with its Substack page, the Ronin bridge and Katana Dex have been halted after suffering an exploit for 173,600 Ethereum (ETH) and 25.5 million USD Coin (USDC), worth a combined $612 million at Tuesday’s prices. In a statement, its developers said they are “currently working with law enforcement officials, forensic cryptographers and our investors to make sure that all funds are recovered or reimbursed. All of the AXS, RON and SLP [tokens] on Ronin are safe right now.” There has been a security breach on the Ronin Network.https://t.co/ktAp9w5qpP— Ronin (@Ronin_Network) March 29, 2022As told by Ronin developers, the attacker used hacked private keys in order to forge fake withdrawals, draining the funds from the Ronin bridge in just two transactions. More importantly, the hack occurred on March 23 but was only discovered on Tuesday after a user allegedly uncovered issues after failing to withdraw 5,000 in ETH from the Ronin bridge. At the time of publication, RON, Ronin’s primary governance token, has fallen nearly 20% to $1.88 in the past hour.Sky Mavis’ Ronin chain currently consists of nine validator nodes, of which at least five signatures are needed to recognize a deposit or withdrawal event. The attacker managed to gain control over five private keys, consisting of Sky Mavis’s four Ronin validators and a third-party validator run by Axie Decentralized Autonomous Organization, or DAO. Obtaining unauthorized access to the latter was especially time-consuming. Last November, when Sky Mavis, the developer of the Axie Infinity and Ronin ecosystems, requested help from the Axie DAO, to distribute free transactions due to a surge in the number of users. The Axie DAO whitelisted Sky Mavis to sign various transactions on its behalf, and the process was discontinued in December. However, access to the whitelist was not revoked.Once the attacker obtained access to Sky Mavis systems, they acquired the final signature from the Axie DAO validator, thereby completing the node threshold required for the illicit siphoning of funds from Ronin. At the time of publication, most of the hacked funds are still sitting inside the attacker’s wallet. 

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Meta files 8 digital asset and Web 3.0 trademark applications

Meta, formerly Facebook, has filed eight trademark applications with the United States Patent and Trademark Office, or USPTO, relating to blockchain technology and its proposed metaverse. The applications and their fields of interest are as follows, organized by serial number:97320155: Online social networking and dating services, including a specific branch tailored for networking between cryptocurrency investors.97320153: Design and development of computer hardware and software relating to Web 3.0, including gaming, e-commerce, blockchain transactions, etc. 97320149: Entertainment and electronic publishing services, partly within virtual reality. 97320147: Telecommunication services for electronic assets held on its platform. 97320146: Financial transaction processing services relating to tokens, blockchain assets, cryptocurrencies, and other virtual assets. 97320144: Advertising services via virtual or augmented reality networks and the metaverse. 97320140: Wearable peripherals for video games connected to virtual reality. 97320136: Downloadable software in the nature of a mobile application, such as for user authentication, online charitable fundraising, and most notably, for hardware or e-wallets. It can take up to eight months for the USPTO to process trademark applications since their initial filing. Similarly, Monster Energy and the New York Stock Exchange have also recently filed trademark applications relating to digital assets and the metaverse. Last week, Mark Zuckerberg, CEO of Meta, said that Instagram would soon be integrating NFTs across its various products. But not all crypto ventures have turned out positively for the Web 3.0 giant. Around the same time, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission took Meta to court over allegations it engaged in “false, misleading or deceptive conduct” by publishing scam celebrity crypto ads on its platform that allegedly resulted in losses for investors. 

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Volvo's parent company establishes blockchain joint venture headquarters in Wuxi, China

On Tuesday, privacy blockchain Concordium and Geely Holding, a Chinese multinational automotive car company that owns brands such as Volvo, announced the creation of a joint blockchain venture with headquarters in Wuxi, China. The project aims to develop blockchain technologies and improve blockchain standards, mainly in the automotive industry.Since establishing the joint venture last February, Geely Holding has created a Digital Technology Sector, or DTS, subsidiary to invest in cutting-edge technologies, including blockchain. Moreover, the two entities plan to offer businesses and customers access to new blockchain platform-based business models and decentralized applications. DTS has already developed blockchain services, such as a digital asset management platform and a blockchain traceability platform, and deployed into Geely’s automotive products.Daniel Donghui Li, CEO of Geely Holding, said: “The in-depth cooperation between Geely Holding and Wuxi Economic Development District in the field of blockchain technologies will help accelerate the development of the blockchain industry in Wuxi.” Meanwhile, Lars Seier Christensen, chairman of the Concordium Foundation, added:”We will do our utmost to contribute with our blockchain technology to benefit enterprises and start-up companies throughout China.”Concordium is a blockchain integrating both privacy with accountability through its ID layer. The company says that its protocol-level ID ensures that every wallet is associated with a real-world identity verified through a third-party ID provider. Meanwhile, it leverages zero-knowledge proofs to ensure the anonymity of transactions. The platform’s native payment coin, known as CCD, is used for paying transaction fees, staking, as a reward for node operators and as collateral or settlement for its decentralized finance protocols.

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Euroclear invests in Fnality to advance digital ledger technology strategy

On Monday, Euroclear, a securities clearing firm that claims it has over 37.6 trillion euros in assets under custody, announced an investment into Fnality, a consortium of financial institutions focused on the regulated adoption of tokenized assets and marketplaces, for an undisclosed amount. Meanwhile, Euroclear is also focusing on developing its distributed ledger technology, or DLT, to settle digital securities against digital cash through the partnership. The solution aims to increase the speed and efficiency of post-trade operations in areas such as market issuance, collateral trades and servicing interest payments. Founded in 2019, Fnality International said that it seeks to improve the efficiency of central banks for payment settlements. Its notable shareholders include Barclays, CIBC, Credit Suisse, ING, Mizuho Bank Nasdaq and UBS. Regarding the development, CEO of Fnality International Rhomaios Ram said:”Welcoming Euroclear Group as an investor into the Fnality International consortium will significantly enhance the diversification of Fnality’s network and expand our footprint around Financial Market Infrastructure.”Meanwhile, Lieve Mostrey, CEO of Euroclear Group, added: “We are pleased to be working with Fnality and our clients in shaping a solution on wholesale digital cash and digital securities settlement for the benefit of the whole industry.” Previously, Euroclear had led a central bank digital currency, or CBDC, experiment to settle French government bonds on the DLT in a partnership with the Banque de France. The Euroclear Group settled the equivalent of 992 trillion euros (roughly $1.09 quadrillion) in securities transactions in 2021 across 295 million transactions.

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Central Bank of Russia issues digital asset license to Sberbank in apparent policy reversal

Less than two weeks after the Central Bank of Russia, or CBR, reiterated its position proposing to ban the issuance, mining and circulation of cryptocurrencies in Russia, it appears to have reevaluated its policy. In a press release published on Thursday, the CBR added the country’s biggest lender, Sberbank, to its register of information system operators for digital financial assets. As reported by local news outlet Tass, the CBR stated: “Inclusion in the registry allows companies to issue digital financial assets and exchange them between users within their platforms.”Sberbank’s blockchain platform is based on a distributed ledger technology, which can, theoretically, protect against information tampering. Legal entities on Sberbank will soon be able to issue digital financial statements certifying monetary claims, acquire digital assets allocated in Sberbank’s system and conduct crypto transactions. Sergey Popov, director of Sberbank’s transactional business division, gave the following remarks regarding the development:“While we are still at the beginning of working with digital assets, we realize that further development is necessary to adapt to the existing regulatory framework. We are ready to work closely with the regulator and executive authorities regarding this direction.”As a state-owned bank, Sberbank has been targeted by sanctions, such as those imposed by the United States Treasury, since the start of the Russia–Ukraine War. Earlier this month, Sberbank exited almost all European markets due to sanctions imposed by the European Union. Simultaneously, its foreign depository shares have plummeted by over 99% on the London Stock Exchange, with trading halted and its last quoted price being $0.05 apiece.The devastating sanctions imposed on Sberbank alongside the CBR’s apparent policy reversal on crypto have led to speculation that digital currencies may represent a “lifeline” for the troubled bank. However, experts don’t believe that sanctioned financial institutions can use crypto to evade sanctions. 

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