Autor Cointelegraph By Felix Ng

Ethereum testnet Merge mostly successful — 'Hiccups will not delay the Merge.'

Ethereum has now completed its second-to-last major Merge trial on the public test network Sepolia, paving the way for its transition to the proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus mechanism.While it’s been judged mostly a success, it was not incident free.The final trial of the Merge is set to occur on the Goerli network over the next few weeks before the official Merge on the Ethereum mainnet can be given the go ahead. Ethereum educator Anthony Sassano, who hosted the Sepolia Merge livestream on YouTube on July 6, confirmed on Twitter that the Merge transition went through “successfully” and added that testnet will be monitored over the next few days.Thanks to everyone who watched the Sepolia merge livestream!!The Sepolia merge transition went through successfully (and the chain finalized!) so now it’s time for monitoring over the next few days.Then we merge Goerli……then mainnet The Merge is coming — sassal.eth (@sassal0x) July 6, 2022Terence Tsao, an Ethereum protocol developer also said the Merge transition itself had been a success, but noted around 25-30% of validators went offline after the Merge due to “wrong configs.” However he added that “hiccups will not delay the Merge.”Sepolia summary:- Merge transition itself was a success – 25-30% of the validators went offline shortly after the merge- The offline validators were due to wrong configs- Since then, the offline parties have updated their configs, and validators are up(cont)— terence.eth (@terencechain) July 6, 2022

Superphiz, a founding member of the ETHStaker Community cautioned during the stream however that the actual success of the Merge won’t be known “for several hours or even until tomorrow.”The final trial will occur on the Goerli test network. Superphiz added that the timing of the Merge will depend on the reviews of the Sepolia test.The testnet Merges are a form of “dress rehearsal” that are essential to allow Ethereum developers and independent project developers to understand what they can expect when the actual Merge takes place. During the livestream, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin admitted that one of the challenges facing the main network Merge will include “much more third-party infrastructure that isn’t present on the testnets.”Related: Ethereum Name Service registrations surge by 200% amid lower gas fees “So there might be non-critical issues like that that will just pop up in the Merge that we’re not catching with these tests […] There’s a lot of peripherals that are just not getting tested and that’s unavoidable and probably fine.” Meanwhile, on exchanges…Despite the news, Santiment has warned of a potential ETH sell-off with total ETH supply on exchanges reaching a new high of 13.8% on July 4, the highest since January 3, 2022. #Ethereum’s price has rebounded mildly to ~$1,120 on America’s birthday. This said, $ETH continues to move rapidly back on to exchanges and is close to breaking 2022 highs. There is higher risk of a selloff while coins are rising on exchange wallets. https://t.co/kJFZNCXV54 pic.twitter.com/JcmrHp80VK— Santiment (@santimentfeed) July 4, 2022

As of July 7, the percentage has declined slightly with around 13.25% of the total ETH supply sitting on exchanges. The price of Ethereum (ETH) is currently at $1,186 at the time of writing.

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Risk profile of crypto markets similar to oil and tech: Coinbase

Despite some touting crypto as a hedge against traditional markets, digital assets today share a similar risk profile to commodities such as oil and gas, and tech and pharmaceutical stocks, according to analysis from Coinbase’s chief economist. The observation comes from a blog post from Coinbase chief economist Cesare Fracassi on July 6, noting that the “correlation between the stock and crypto-asset prices has risen significantly” since the 2020 pandemic. “While for the first decade of its existence, Bitcoin returns were on average uncorrelated with the performance of the stock market, the relationship increased quickly since the COVID pandemic started,” stated Fracassi. “In particular, crypto assets today share similar risk profiles to oil commodity prices and technology stocks.”The economist referred back to his institute’s monthly insights report in May, which found that Bitcoin and Ethereum have similar volatility to commodities such as natural gas and oil, fluctuating between 4% and 5% on a daily basis.Since 2020, the correlation between crypto and the stock market has risen and with recent market movements we see how the market expects crypto assets to become more and more intertwined with the rest of the financial system in the future. (4/5)— Cesare Fracassi (@CesareFracassi) July 5, 2022Bitcoin, which is often likened to “digital gold,” had a far riskier profile compared to its real-world precious metal counterparts such as gold and silver, which see daily volatility closer to 1% and 2%, according to the research. The most appropriate stock comparison to Bitcoin in terms of volatility and market cap was the electric car manufacturer Tesla (TSLA) the economist said. Ethereum, on the other hand, is more comparable to electric car manufacturer Lucid (LCID) and pharmaceutical company Moderna (MRNA) based on market cap and volatility.Fracassi said this puts crypto assets in a very similar risk profile to traditional asset classes such as technology stocks. “This suggests that the market expects crypto assets to become more and more intertwined with the rest of the financial system, and thus to be exposed to the same macro-economic forces that move the world economy.”Fracassi added that roughly two-thirds of the recent decline in crypto prices are the result of macro factors — such as inflation and a looming recession. One-third of the crypto decline can be attributed to a plain-old weakening outlook “solely” for cryptocurrencies.Related: The crypto industry needs a crypto capital market structureCrypto pundits have viewed the fact that the crypto crash being led by macro factors is a positive sign for the industry. Erik Voorhees, co-founder of Coinapult and CEO and founder of ShapeShift wrote on Twitter last week that the current crash was least worrisome to him, as it was the first crypto crash that was clearly “the result of macro factors outside of crypto.”Alliance DAO core contributor Qiao Wang made similar comments to his Twitter, explaining that previous cycles were caused by “endogenous” factors such as the fall of Mt. Gox in 2014 and the bursting of the Initial Coin Offering (ICO) bubble in 2018.

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PennyWise crypto-stealing malware spreads through YouTube

A new strain of crypto-malware is being spread via YouTube, tricking users to download software that’s designed to steal data from 30 crypto wallets and crypto-browser extensions.Cyber intelligence company Cyble in a June 30 blog post said it had been tracking the malware known as “PennyWise” — likely named after the monster in Stephen King’s horror novel “It” — since it was first identified in May.“Our investigation indicates that the stealer is an emerging threat,” wrote Cyble in a blog post on June 30. “In its current iteration, this stealer can target over 30 browsers and cryptocurrency applications such as cold crypto wallets, crypto-browser extensions, etc.”Data stolen from the victim’s system comes in the form of Chromium and Mozilla browser information, including cryptocurrency extension data and login data. It can also take screenshots and steal sessions of chat applications such as Discord and Telegram.The malware also targets cold crypto-wallets such as Armory, Bytecoin, Jaxx, Exodus, Electrum, Atomic Wallet, Guarda, and Coinomi, as well as wallets supporting Zcash and Ethereum by looking for wallet files in the directory and sending a copy of the files to attackers, according to Cyble. The cybersecurity company noted that the malware is being spread on YouTube mining education videos purporting to be free Bitcoin mining software. The cybercriminals, or “Threat Actors” upload videos instructing viewers to visit the link in the description and download the free software, whilst also encouraging them also to disable their antivirus software which enables the malware to run successfully. Cyble said the attacker had as many as 80 videos on their YouTube channel as of June 30 however, the channel identified has since been removed. A search by Cointelegraph found similar links to the malware remain on other smaller YouTube channels, with videos promising free NFT-mining, cracks for paid software, free Spotify premium, game cheats and mods.Many of these accounts have only been created within the last 24 hours. Related: Bitcoin stealing malware: Bitter reminder for crypto users to stay vigilantInterestingly, the malware is designed to stop itself if it finds out the victim is based in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Kazakhstan. Cyble also found that the malware converts the victim’s stolen timezone data to Russian Standard Time (RST) when the data is sent back to the attackers. In February, malware named Mars Stealer was identified as targeting crypto wallets that work as Chromium browser extensions such as MetaMask, Binance Chain Wallet or Coinbase Wallet.Chainalysis warned in January that even “low-skilled cybercriminals” are now using malware to take funds from crypto hodlers, with cryptojacking accounting for 73% of the total value received by malware-related addresses between 2017 and 2021.

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Crypto community eyeing three macro events to tip crypto scales in July

The crypto community is looking into three key dates this month that could profoundly impact the trajectory of the crypto market and the wider United States macroeconomic environment this year. On July 13, the monthly Consumer Price Index (CPI) and data relating to inflation will be released to the public. On July 26-27, a decision will be made as to whether to hike interest rates further, while on July 28, the United States Q2 2022 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) estimates will tell us whether the country is in a technical recession. July 13: Inflation marker, CPIMicahel van de Poppe, CEO and founder of crypto consultancy and educational platform EightGlobal, told his 614,300 Twitter followers on July 4 that it’s “all eyes on the CPI data next week,” adding bullish forecasts for Bitcoin should it flip above its $20,000 price point. Blurry chart, but would be looking at $28K for #Bitcoin, if there’s a chance that $20K can be flipped (and in between I’d be monitoring $23K).All eyes on the CPI data next week and the FED, but would make sense. pic.twitter.com/pcWwEmkoHT— Michaël van de Poppe (@CryptoMichNL) July 4, 2022Co-founder of The Crypto Academy, known on Twitter as ‘Wolves of Crypto’, told his followers to keep an eye out for the date, adding that CPI going lower than expected “could be the catalyst for a dead cat bounce” for Bitcoin. “All eyes on CPI numbers on July 13th. If CPI comes in lower, that will be the catalyst for a dead cat bounce.”CPI is one of the benchmarks for gauging how inflation progresses by measuring the average change in consumer prices based on a representative basket of household goods and services.Continued rising inflation could impact demand for cryptocurrencies, with consumers needing to spend more to get by than before. Interestingly, while Bitcoin was created amid high inflation following the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, and touted as an inflation hedge due to its fixed supply and scarcity, recent years have seen the cryptocurrency perform in line with traditional tech stocks, being less than inflation-proof. The next scheduled release of the CPI is expected on July 13, 2022, by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. According to Trading Economics, the current consensus on the June inflation rate, or CPI, is 8.7%, slightly higher than May’s 8.6%. July 26-27: Fed interest rate hikeAfter raising interest rates by 75 basis points in June, one of the most significant monthly increases in 28 years, interest rates are expected to increase further following the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting later this month. Interest rate hikes are one of the primary tools used by the Federal Reserve and the U.S. Central Bank to manage inflation by slowing down the economy. Increased interest rates lead to increases in borrowing costs, which can discourage consumer and business spending, and lending. It can also place downward pressure on higher-risk asset prices, such as crypto, as investors can start to earn decent returns just by parking their money in interest-bearing accounts or low-risk assets. This month, the FOMC is expected to decide whether to impose a 50 or 75 basis point hike. Charlie Bilello, founder and CEO of Compound Capital Advisors, placed his bets on the higher amount. Fed rate hike expectations at next 4 FOMC meetings…-July: 75 bps hike to 2.25%-2.50%-Sep: 50 bps hike to 2.75%-3.00%-Nov: 50 bps hike to 3.25%-3.50%-Dec: 25 bps hike to 3.50%-3.75%— Charlie Bilello (@charliebilello) June 28, 2022

July 28: Are we in a recession?On July 28, the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) will release an advance estimate of the United States’ GDP for the second quarter of 2022.After registering a -1.6% GDP decline in Q1 2022, Atlanta Federal Reserve’s GDPNow tracker is now expecting a -2.1% decline in GDP growth for Q2 2022. A second consecutive quarter of GDP decline would place the United States into a “technical recession.”Related: On the brink of recession: Can Bitcoin survive its first global economic crisis?Should the United States economy be officially labeled as a recession, which is expected to begin in 2023, Bitcoin will be facing its first-ever full-blown recession and is likely to see a continued decline alongside tech stocks.Silver lining?Despite the gloomy macro forecasts, some of crypto’s leading pundits view the recent macro-catalyzed crypto market crash as an overall positive sign for the industry. Crypto expert Erik Voorhees, the co-founder of Coinapult and CEO and Founder of ShapeShift, said the current crypto crash is “least worrisome” to him, as it is the first crypto crash to result from macro factors outside of crypto.Prior crashes were all bubble blow offs, unrelated to the larger world.This is the first crypto crash which is clearly exogenous; a result of macro factors outside of crypto.Maybe this is why, of all the crashes, this one has been least worrisome to me.— Erik Voorhees (@ErikVoorhees) July 1, 2022

Alliance DAO core contributor Qiao Wang made similar comments to his 131,200 followers, noting that this is the first cycle where the main bear case was an “exogenous factor.”“People who are worried about crypto because of macro realize how bullish this is right?”“This is the first cycle where the main bear case is an exogenous factor. In previous cycles, it was endogenous, e.g., Mt.Gox (2014) and ICOs (2018),” he explained.

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USD stablecoin premiums surge in Argentina following economy minister's resignation

Argentina, a country with one of the highest crypto adoption rates in the world, saw the price of dollar-pegged stablecoins surge across exchanges on Saturday after the abrupt resignation of its Economy Minister, Martin Guzman. The minister’s shock exit, confirmed on his Twitter account on July 3 via a seven-page letter, threatens to further destabilize a struggling economy battling high inflation and a depreciating national currency. According to data from Criptoya, the cost of buying Tether (USDT) using Argentinian pesos (ARS) is currently 271.4 ARS through the Binance exchange, which is around a 12% premium from before the resignation announcement, and a 116.25% premium compared to the current fiat exchange rate of USD/ARS. The local crypto price tracking website has also revealed a similar jump in other USD-pegged stablecoins, including Dai (DAI), Binance USD (BUSD), Pax Dollar (USDP), and Dollar on Chain (DOC). Argentineans have been piling into crypto as a means to hedge against the country’s rising inflation and a continued fall of the Argentinean peso against the USD dollar. In 2016, before inflation really took its toll, one USD was only able to buy around 14.72 Argentinean pesos. However, six years later, one USD is able to buy as many as 125.5 ARS. The extra premium on US-dollar pegged stablecoins is the result of a law passed on September 1, 2019, called Decree No. 609/2019, which has made it virtually impossible for Argentinians to exchange more than $200 in greenbacks per month at the official exchange rate. It was imposed as a means to prevent the Argentinean peso from free-falling amid a struggling economy. In May, the Argentinean annual inflation rate accelerated for the fourth straight month, hitting 60.7%, according to Trading Economics.Related: Argentina carries out crypto wallet seizures linked to tax delinquentsThe South American nation has the sixth-highest adoption rate globally, with around 21% of Argentineans estimated to have used or owned crypto by 2021, according to Statista.In May, Cointelegraph reported that “crypto penetration” in Argentina had reached 12%, double that of Peru, Mexico, and other countries in the region, primarily driven by citizens seeking safe haven against rising inflation.In addition to Bitcoin, Argentineans have been turning to stablecoins increasingly as a means of storing value in the United States dollar.

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