Autor Cointelegraph By Ana Paula Pereira

FTX turmoil increases scrutiny of industry, something institutional investors have been waiting for

The recent liquidity crisis at FTX will increase regulatory scrutiny in the crypto industry, which is what institutional investors are seeking, a number of sources told Cointelegraph on Nov. 10.“This event will be used as a cornerstone to spark new crypto regulations, which is good for the healthy development of the industry. A more comprehensive regulatory framework has the potential to protect long-term investors from fraud and other risks,” stated Julian Hosp, co-founder and CEO of Cake DeFi. As a matter of fact, October was a significant month for crypto adoption, as big players in traditional finance announced moves into the digital asset space. BNY Mellon, the oldest American bank, disclosed its digital custody platform to safeguard select institutional clients’ Ether (ETH) and Bitcoin (BTC). Also, France’s Société Générale bank received regulatory approval as a digital assets service provider. Finally, Fidelity expanded retail access to commission-free cryptocurrency trading services. Developments by established global players are not a coincidence but rather illustrate a scenario where digital assets are a reality for financial institutions. “It takes deep conviction and significant buy-in for a well-established incumbent to enter an emerging asset class amidst market conditions like we’ve witnessed in 2022,” said Sebastien Davies, principal at the digital asset infrastructure provider Aquanow.Millennial and Gen Z consumers are set to inherit $73 trillion over the next 20 years in the United States alone, according to a recent report from Cerulli. As of December 2021, about 48% of millennial households and 20% of all U.S. adults owned cryptocurrency. “When you combine the spending power of younger generations with the notion that banking relationships tend to be sticky, and the fact that today’s youth have embraced digital assets, then it becomes clear why so many institutional investors are no longer holding back from entering this new asset class,” stated Davies. As reported by Cointelegraph, BNY Mellon CEO Robin Vince said in a conference call following the bank’s quarterly results that “client demand” was the “tipping point” that ultimately led to its launch of institutional-focused crypto services in October. He pointed to a survey conducted by the bank this year that found that 91% of large institutional asset managers, asset owners and hedge funds were interested in investing in some type of tokenized asset within the next few years.Investors are being turned off by the lack of regulations. “The largest hedge funds and asset managers are currently deploying digital asset teams and are looking to build out their strategies. The uncertainty in the regulatory environment is the main hurdle holding them back from diving in deeper,” Adam Sporn, head of U.S. institutional sales at digital asset custody provider BitGo, told Cointelegraph.With nearly $64 billion in assets under custody, BitGo works with traditional hedge funds and fund managers in an industry that is evolving without regulatory clarity. “VCs continue to make investments in the digital asset space, where they receive token allocations that need qualified custody. Additionally, family offices are continuing to come off zero-percent allocations to one- to five-percent allocations,” stated Adam.One of the current major concerns is how the ongoing digital shift could affect countries’ economic power as lawmakers are faced with the challenge of fostering innovation and protecting consumers simultaneously.“Lack of clarity in the regulatory framework in the U.S. is holding back institutional adoption and is driving firms to move overseas, which means innovation is also moving overseas,” said BitGo chief compliance officer Jeff Horowitz, adding that “we don’t need to call all tokens securities to achieve that.”The current crypto turmoil — the second major crisis in 2022  — is not a game-ender for institutional investors, Ryan Rasmussen, a crypto research analyst at Bitwise, told Cointelegraph, adding:“Investors and institutions already allocating to crypto can distinguish what was going on at FTX and Alameda from the real innovation happening across the broader crypto industry. I wouldn’t be surprised if those investors are adding to their positions at these prices.”

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LayerZero Labs bought back its stake from FTX Ventures and Alameda

Interoperability protocol LayerZero Labs announced on Nov.10 an agreement that bought out 100% of FTX Ventures and Alameda Research equity position, including token warrants and all agreements between the parties. In March, the protocol raised $135 million in a funding round co-led by FTX Ventures, bringing the startup valuation to $1 billion. Other investors in the round included Andreessen Horowitz, Sequoia, Coinbase Ventures and PayPal Ventures, among others. In a statement released to investors and published on Twitter, Bryan Pellegrino, Layer Zero CEO, said:”We’ve worked around the clock for the past 72 hours to structure an agreement and have bought FTX/FTX Ventures/Alameda out of 100% of their equity position, token warrants, and any agreement between us.” The agreement also included the purchase from Alameda of the STG tokens from the community auction. According to LayerZero, a proposal will be submitted to transfer the tokens to the Stargate Foundation and “let the community decide what to do with them.” FTX Ventures participated in the STG launch and bought all the tokens, as Sam Trabuco, CEO at Alameda, explained in a Twitter thread in March. The tokens were later released as a spot-based product.There’s been some chatter about the recent @StargateFinance auction, and I wanted to clarify a few things about Alameda’s involvement.— Sam Trabucco (@AlamedaTrabucco) March 22, 2022LayerZero claimed to possess $107 million USD in cash balance, along with the equivalent of $27 million in on-chain funds, with around 90% in stablecoins, coming for a total of $134 million. In addition, the startup had $11.5 million on FTX that was being used for operational purposes, but said they are now considering it a zero balance. “This puts us in an incredibly strong position going into the next few years. We have no less than 7 years of runway even in our aggressive projections, are equity rich, and have one of the most amazing teams in all crypto,” noted Pellegrino.Sam Bankman-Fried revealed the FTX crisis on Nov. 8 by announcing Binance’s intention to acquire the crypto exchange amid a “liquidity crunch”. In the thread published on Nov. 10, he also confirmed that Alameda was in a “winding down trading”, but assured that the United States-based exchange FTX US “was not financially impacted” by recent events. Here’s Cointelegraph’s wrap-up of the whole saga between the exchanges.

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Orthogonal Credit alleged key weaknesses in Alameda’s due diligence early in 2022

Orthogonal Credit, an arm of the digital asset hedge fund Orthogonal Trading, disclosed on Nov. 9 that it pushed to close Alameda Research’s dedicated borrower pool on Maple Finance in the second quarter of 2022 after identifying “key weaknesses” in its due diligence. The company announced on Twitter that it had identified a number of key weaknesses while conducting due diligence earlier this year — specifically, declining asset quality and unclear capital policy, among other factors.The assessment led the firm to push Maple Finance to halt Alameda loans in May, after issuing $288 million in loans in a pool dedicated to Alameda during November 2021 and May 2022. “We considered these key weaknesses and made a commercial decision to sever our institutional lending relationship. Not a decision we took lightly but a necessary part of proactive risk management,” said the company in the thread. Further, we actively pushed to close the Alameda dedicated borrower pool on @maplefinance during 2Q22. Exposure to FTX is limited across our borrowers in USDC01. (2/x)— Orthogonal Credit (@OrthoCredit) November 9, 2022Maple is a decentralized finance credit platform that claims to hold 50% of the institutional crypto lending market based on the total volume of loans outstanding. The platform has issued over $1.8 billion in loans since May 2021. Speaking to Cointelegraph on the sidelines of the Converge22 conference in San Francisco in September, Maple Finance co-founder and CEO Sid Powell said that transparency has been the saving grace of decentralized finance during the prolonged crypto market downturn.M11 Credit, another Maple delegate, also denied having existing loans to Alameda Research. “We are pleased to see the majority of our counterparties actually front-ran and took swift action over the weekend and cut exposure by proactively withdrawing assets from FTX,” the company tweeted.Scope Protocol released an analysis on Nov. 9 of Alameda’s on-chain status after reviewing data for 643 addresses on different chains. According to it, Alameda has $310 million worth in Ethereum positions and assets and $200 million on Solana (excluding low liquidity assets).This is probably the most detailed analysis of #Alameda’s on-chain status:We pull a total of 643 #Alameda’s addresses data on different chains.Right now, they have $310M in EVM positions and assets, $200M on Solana (excluding low liquidity assets)A breakdown:— 0xScope (@ScopeProtocol) November 9, 2022

The company has assets and positions in other Ethereum Virtual Machine-compatible chains, including $12 million at Arbitrum, $7.5 million at Aurora, $6.3 million at Avalanche, $6 million at BNB Chain and $1.4 million at Moonbeam.As one of Sam Bankman-Fried’s entities, Alameda has been in the spotlight since it was revealed Binance had considered acquiring global crypto exchange FTX during its ongoing liquidity crisis.

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Alameda Research and FTX Ventures websites go dark

Websites linked to the crypto exchange FTX have been taken down on Nov. 9, following a liquidity crisis and a pending acquisition of the company by its rival Binance. Websites for Alameda Research and the company’s venture capital arm FTX ventures were offline and made private, while both FTX’s main site and FTX US’s website remain accessible.Cointelegraph reached out to Alameda on Nov. 9, but has not heard back as of publication time. The latest developments include unconfirmed reports about most of FTX’s legal and compliance staff quitting on Tuesday evening.The liquidity crunch was announced on Nov. 8 by FTX founder and CEO Sam Bankman-Fried, or SBF, just hours after he guaranteed that the client’s “assets are fine”, adding that the exchange did not invest clients holdings, even in treasuries. The crisis unfolded after Binance CEO Changpeng Zhao, or CZ, disclosed the decision to liquidate Binance’s position of 23 million FTX token (FTT) — worth over $520 million at the beginning of this week — for risk management reasons. The news triggered a sell-off in the FTT token that was trading at $3.00 as of publication time; a fall of 87.11% in seven days.As reported by Cointelegraph, some of FTX’s shareholders learned about the agreement via Twitter on Nov. 8. In his letter to the exchange investors, SBF apologized for being “hard to contact” in the past days, acknowledged he has no idea what exactly the agreement with Binance means, and lastly, close the letter saying he will be “quite swamped” in the coming days, and will write again “when I have time too.”The next steps remain unclear. Binance is reportedly performing due diligence, and may opt to walk away from the deal after reviewing the company’s structure and books, reported the Wall Street Journal citing unidentified sources.FTX was backed by big players in the venture capital scene, including Singapore’s state-owned investment firm Temasek, Sequoia Capital, BlackRock, SoftBank, Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan, Paradigm, Circle, Ribbit Capital, Alan Howard, Tiger Global, and Multicoin Capital.

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Singapore's Temasek engages with FTX in liquidity crisis

Singapore’s state-owned investment firm Temasek, a shareholder at FTX, is reportedly engaging with the cryptocurrency exchange in the liquidity crisis that led to its unexpected (and still pending) bail out on Nov 8.In comments to Reuters, the sovereign wealth fund said it was “aware of the developments between FTX and Binance, and are engaging FTX in our capacity as shareholder,” avoiding providing further details about the case impacts on its portfolio. Temasek invested in a series of FTX’s round findings that led to the exchange’s $32 billion valuation in January. Ten months later, the Singaporean firm is taking part in rescuing the exchange. Temasek participated in FTX’s Series B, Series B extension, and Series C funding rounds, when the exchange raised US$1 billion, US$420 million and US$400, respectively.Some shareholders learned about the agreement, via Twitter on Nov. 8. In his letter to shareholders sent later on, Sam Bankman-Fried, aka SBF, apologized for being “hard to contact” in the past days, acknowledged he has no idea what exactly the agreement with Binance means, and lastly, close the letter saying he will be “quite swamped” in the coming days, and will write again “when I have time too.”SBF letter to investors released: pic.twitter.com/NcZAb03zLb— Will Clemente (@WClementeIII) November 8, 2022FTX was backed by other big players in the venture capital scene, including Sequoia Capital, BlackRock, SoftBank, Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan, Paradigm, Circle, Ribbit Capital, Alan Howard, Tiger Global, and Multicoin Capital.As reported by Cointelegraph, some of the largest crypto companies are being urged to be transparent about risks they are exposed to following the liquidity crisis that fell over FTX and trading firm Alameda Research.Tether chief technology officer Paolo Ardoino clarified in a tweet that the stablecoin issuer has no exposure to either of the distressed firms. Similarly, Circle CEO Jeremy Allaire also denied rumors of the firm having exposure to FTX and Alameda. Brian Armstrong, the CEO of crypto exchange Coinbase, also took this opportunity to assure its users that the firm has no material exposure to FTX or FTT. As the FTX and Alameda crisis unfolded, Binance CEO Changpeng Zhao promised to implement a way to provide full transparency of the exchange’s reserves by using a Proof-of-Reserve mechanism using Merkle Trees.

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